UK construction cost forecast 2026: where costs are heading and why

What the leading indicators say about the next 12 to 18 months of UK construction cost inflation.

Trails Research·Updated 2026-04-19·6 min read
ONS COPI, new workN/AN/A YoY, N/A
Labour YoYN/AStill rising
Materials YoYN/AStabilised

Source: ONS Construction Output Price Indices and Labour Cost Indices, MHCLG Monthly Building Materials. Base: 2015 = 100.

The honest answer to "where are UK construction costs heading?" is: nobody publishes a precise forecast that's reliably right, and neither do we. What we can do is show the historical trajectory, read the leading indicators, and set out the scenarios that fit the current data. If you're pricing work in 2026 for delivery in 2027, the scenario framing matters more than any single forecast number.

The trajectory so far

What the trajectory tells us

Three distinct regimes are visible in the ONS output price index for new work. From 2014 to early 2020, construction costs rose at a gentle 2 to 3% per year, broadly tracking general inflation. The 2020 Covid shock produced a brief demand collapse, followed by an unprecedented 2021 to 2022 surge as the reopening and supply-chain constraints collided. The index peaked in mid to late 2022.

From 2023 onwards, the headline has behaved very differently from the components underneath. The aggregate index has flattened, which looks like equilibrium, but it's masking a clear divergence: labour continued to rise while materials fell back from their peak. Firms reading only the headline number have misread the cost environment since 2023. The components tell the real story.

Leading indicators

Three indicators move earliest and matter most for anyone pricing residential work in the next 12 to 18 months. The table below shows their current state and what each one suggests.

IndicatorCurrentTrendWhat it suggests
Material pricesloadingloadingloading
Labour costsloadingloadingloading
Sector output priceloadingloadingloading

All three pulled live from ONS and MHCLG via the Trails Cost Tracker. Qualitative labels derive from the current year-on-year values.

The outlook for 2026 to 2027

Rather than predict a single number, three scenarios that fit the current data. The central case looks most likely; the upside and downside risks both have plausible triggers but neither has clearly shown up yet.

Central case: labour-driven drift, materials flat

Labour continues to rise at roughly 4 to 5% a year through 2026 and into 2027, constrained by ongoing post-Brexit trade shortages and infrastructure demand. Materials move broadly sideways, with some individual commodities (steel, timber, cement) drifting up gently in line with general producer-price inflation. The blended output index prints somewhere in the 3 to 4% annual range for the next six quarters. This is roughly the pattern of 2024 and 2025 extended forward, with no assumed shock.

Upside risk: a second materials shock

A geopolitical disruption to energy or shipping, a revival of global construction demand, or a domestic policy change that accelerates house-building could lift materials meaningfully above trend. Historically these shocks have been unpredictable but visible in advance once underway. The MHCLG monthly material indices are the fastest read; watch steel, timber and cement for the earliest signal. If materials pick up while labour stays elevated, the headline could spike back to 6% plus quickly.

Downside risk: labour demand collapses

A deep recession or a sharp drop in infrastructure and housing pipelines could remove the demand pressure keeping labour rates high. In that scenario labour inflation flattens within two to three quarters and the headline index slows towards 1 to 2% annually. This is the historically rarer scenario; labour has rarely fallen outright in UK construction even in recessions, because supply has fallen faster than demand. But a severe enough drop in demand could plausibly flatten it for the first time in years.

What this means for pricing

Three concrete implications for design-build firms quoting work now:

  • Tighter quote-validity windows. A four-week or six-week quote validity is defensible in this environment. Twelve weeks is not, unless you price the labour drift in. Re-quote older proposals that have been sitting with the client.
  • Contract type should follow labour share. Labour-heavy projects (loft conversions, bespoke joinery, heritage refurbishment) carry more fixed-price risk than materials-heavy ones (new-build superstructure, groundworks). See the fixed-price vs cost-plus guide for a matrix.
  • Contingency sized to the scenario, not the headline. A 5% contingency covers central-case labour drift on a 9-month job at typical labour share. Below that and you're exposed to any modest variance. Above 10% and you're pricing for the upside-risk scenario; be explicit with the client that's what you're doing.

Caveats

This article is not a precise forecast. It doesn't predict individual sub-trade prices (bricklayer rates can diverge from the ONS labour index meaningfully over short periods), it doesn't model commodity spikes in specific materials, and it's not a substitute for the firm-specific judgement a QS brings to a live quote. Treat it as scenario framing, not a number to lift into a cost plan. The live figures underlying it are in the Cost Tracker and refresh each quarter.

Frequently asked questions

When will UK construction costs stop rising?
Not in 2026 on the current leading indicators. ONS labour cost inflation remains elevated because the structural labour squeeze (Brexit, apprenticeship pipeline, employer NI) has not eased. Materials have broadly stabilised and could fall further if global steel and timber prices continue softening. Turner & Townsend and Gleeds forecasts for 2026 both project a low-single-digit rise in blended UK construction costs for the year. A genuine reversal would require either a meaningful loosening of the labour market or a sharp softening of demand, neither of which current indicators suggest.
What are the leading indicators for UK construction cost inflation?
Four useful leading indicators. First, the ONS Vacancies survey for construction: persistent elevated vacancies signals continued labour pressure. Second, the S&P Global UK Construction PMI: readings above 50 signal expansion and pricing power for contractors, below 50 signal softening. Third, MHCLG monthly materials indices for steel, timber, and cement: the raw commodities move first. Fourth, tender price indices from T&T, Gleeds, BCIS: they lead output prices by six to twelve months because they measure bids that start on site later. Combined, these give a reasonable three- to nine-month lead on where COPI is heading.
How reliable are UK construction cost forecasts?
Directionally reliable, precisely unreliable. Turner & Townsend and Gleeds have been broadly correct on the trajectory since 2021 (rising through 2022, peaking 2023, slowing 2024 to 2025) but the precise numbers routinely differ from realised COPI by 1 to 2 percentage points in either direction. The honest framing is a forecast band rather than a point estimate. The shocks that actually moved the index (Ukraine invasion, Covid supply chain, post-Brexit labour) were unforecastable, so beware of any forecast presented as a single number rather than a range with scenarios.
What would cause UK construction costs to fall in 2026 or 2027?
Three plausible scenarios. A UK recession deep enough to contract private housing starts and commercial fit-out demand, softening tender prices first and then input costs through contractor distress. A meaningful easing of the skilled migration regime pulling labour supply back up. A global commodity price reversal driven by Chinese steel over-supply or softening US construction demand pulling imported material prices down. None of these are the base case on current policy and macro indicators, but each would drop the index meaningfully if it materialised. Construction costs rarely fall nominally in the UK; they usually just stop rising.
How should I use a cost forecast in a fixed-price quote?
Price the central forecast into the base tender, then add an inflation risk allowance equal to roughly the upper bound minus central forecast for the project duration. For a 12-month fixed-price residential contract in 2026 with central forecast of 3% to 4% labour inflation, a defensible risk allowance is 1.5% to 2% of labour value. For cost-plus or JCT with Option C fluctuation, no risk allowance is needed because the mechanism handles it. Document the forecast source (T&T, Gleeds, or the Trails cost tracker) in the cost plan so the client can see the basis for the allowance.